Definitions+of+Mitosis,+Meiosis,+Crossing-over

The simple cell division process that occurs in somatic cells. One cell divides into two offspring cells that are identical to each other in their chromosome complement. Chromosomes that are paired during meiosis. Such chromosomes are alike with regard to size and also position of the centromere. They also have the same genes, but not necessarily the same alleles, at the same locus or location. The exchange of genetic material (DNA) between homologous chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis. This results in sperm and ova with greater genetic diversity due to a recombination of genes. Specifically, a portion of the end of a chromosome is broken and reattached on another chromosome.
 * __ Mitosis __**
 * __ Meiosis __**
 * The cell division process in specialized tissues of female ovaries and male testes which results in the production of sex cells, or gametes. Meiosis involves two divisions and produces four sperm cells in males and one ovum in females from a starting cell. Each sperm and ovum contains only half the original number of chromosomes--23 in the case of humans. **
 * Meiosis is also called "reduction division." Spermatogenesis is the term used for meiosis in males and ** oogenesis refers to the same process in females.
 * __ Homologous chromosomes __**
 * __ Crossing-over __**

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